Roman Numeral Converter

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Number or Roman numeralType digits to get the numeral, or letters (I V X L C D M, any case) to get the number.

Examples

Result

Roman numeral: MCMXCIV
Number: 1,994
Lowercase: mcmxciv
Unicode characters: ⅯⅭⅯⅩⅭⅠⅤ

How it adds up

M1,000+CM900+XC90+IV4=1,994

Date in Roman numerals

For tattoos, engravings and invitations: the day, month and year are each converted on their own.

Date

Order

Separator

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Roman numeral chart

The seven symbols
	1
	5
	10
	50
	100
	500
	1,000

The six subtractive pairs
	4
	9
	40
	90
	400
	900

Tap a symbol to convert it. A symbol is repeated at most three times in a row; V, L and D are never repeated.

Convert numbers to Roman numerals and back, check if a numeral is written correctly, and turn dates into Roman numerals - up to 3,999,999.

Turn any number from 1 to 3,999,999 into Roman numerals, or a numeral back into a number. The converter checks the spelling too: a standard numeral is read at once, an additive one like IIII is read and shown with its standard form, and an impossible one like IIX is flagged instead of guessed at. You also get the breakdown (MCMXCIV = M + CM + XC + IV), lowercase and Unicode forms, and a date converter for tattoos and engravings.

Frequently asked questions

How do Roman numerals work?

Seven letters stand for values: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1,000. Write them from largest to smallest and add them up: MDCLXVI is 1,666. To avoid four of a kind, six pairs put a smaller letter first to subtract it: IV (4), IX (9), XL (40), XC (90), CD (400) and CM (900).

How do you write 2026 in Roman numerals?

MMXXVI: MM is 2,000, XX is 20 and VI is 6. Type any year above to see its numeral and the parts it is built from.

Why do clocks show IIII instead of IV?

Clock makers have used IIII for centuries, partly for symmetry with VIII on the other side of the dial. It's an older additive spelling, not the standard one. The converter reads IIII as 4 and tells you the standard form is IV.

What is the largest Roman numeral?

With the seven letters alone, 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX). Larger numbers use the vinculum: a bar over a numeral multiplies it by 1,000, so V̅ is 5,000 and M̅ is 1,000,000. That takes this converter to 3,999,999.

How do I write a date in Roman numerals?

Convert the day, month and year separately and join them with dots, dashes or slashes: 14 May 2024 is XIV · V · MMXXIV. Choose the order you use - day first in most of the world, month first in the US - and check it before it goes on skin or metal.

Is there a Roman numeral for zero?

No. The Romans had no symbol for zero; around the 8th century, scholars computing the date of Easter wrote N for nulla, "nothing".